The surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths in a population in a given time period.

An advocate of restricting population growth through the use of birth control. (Thomas Malthus himself did not advocate birth control as a remedy for rapid population growth.)

The net effect of immigration and emigration on an area's population in a given time period, expressed as an increase or decrease.

The net effect of immigration and emigration on an area's population, expressed as an increase or decrease per 1,000 population of the area in a given year.

The average number of daughters that would be born to a woman (or a group of women) if she passed through her lifetime conforming to the age-specific fertility and mortality rates of a given year. This rate is similar to the gross reproduction rate but takes into account that some women will die before completing their childbearing years. An NRR of one means that each generation of mothers is having exactly enough daughters to replace itself in the population. See also total fertility rate and replacement-level fertility.

See also:

Replacement-Level Fertility
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)